1. What is Speed and Feeds for Wood?

Definition: This calculator determines the optimal rotational speed (RPM) and feed rate (IPM) for cutting tools when working with wood materials.

Purpose: It helps woodworkers and CNC operators achieve efficient material removal while maintaining tool life and surface quality.

2. How Does the Calculator Work?

The calculator uses two formulas:

Where:

• \( RPM \) — Rotational speed (revolutions per minute)
• \( SFM_{wood} \) — Surface feet per minute for wood
• \( D \) — Tool diameter (inches)
• \( IPM \) — Feed rate (inches per minute)
• \( IPT \) — Inches per tooth (chip load)
• \( Z \) — Number of teeth on the cutter

Explanation: The first formula converts surface speed to rotational speed, while the second calculates the feed rate based on chip load and number of teeth.

3. Importance of Proper Speed and Feed

Details: Correct RPM and IPM settings prevent burning, ensure clean cuts, maximize tool life, and optimize machining efficiency.

4. Using the Calculator

Tips: Enter the recommended SFM for your wood type, tool diameter, chip load (IPT), and number of teeth. All values must be > 0.

5. Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

Q1: What is SFM for wood?
A: Surface Feet per Minute is the cutting speed at the tool's periphery. Typical values range from 1,000-6,000 SFM for wood depending on material and tool type.

Q2: How do I determine IPT?
A: IPT (chip load) depends on wood hardness and tool type. Start with manufacturer recommendations (typically 0.005-0.030" for wood).

Q3: Why does diameter affect RPM?
A: Larger tools rotate slower to maintain the same peripheral cutting speed (SFM).

Q4: How does number of teeth affect feed rate?
A: More teeth allow higher feed rates while maintaining the same chip load per tooth.

Q5: Should I adjust for different wood types?
A: Yes, harder woods typically require lower SFM and IPT values than softwoods.